| Abridgement or symbol | Definition | Description |
0-nine [edit] |
A [edit] |
| Air conditioning | across corners | Commonly used when measuring the corners of a hex drive, such equally a hex nut. |
| AF | beyond flats | Commonly used when measuring the flat surfaces of a hex drive, such as a hex nut. |
| AFF | in a higher place finished floor | A dimension that establishes a distance away from the finished floor. Case would be the top of a java table to the shag of the carpeting, not where the bottom of the tables feet dig in. |
| AISI | American Fe and Steel Institute | The AISI acronym is usually seen every bit a prefix to steel grades, for instance, "AISI 4140". The SAE steel class system was formerly a articulation AISI-SAE system. |
| Al or AL | aluminium | |
| ALY | alloy | |
| AMER | American | Referring to the United States |
| AMS | Aerospace Material Standards | Standards in materials science and engineering maintained by SAE International and widely used in the aerospace manufacturing industries. |
| AN- | Army-Navy | A prefix for standard hardware (catalog hardware) ID numbers. Came from the era of circa 1890s-1945, when the U.S. Army and Navy were leading the way on product standardization for logistics comeback, yielding the United States Armed services Standards organisation. Today industry and ISO also do a lot of this standardization specification, freeing the U.Due south. DOD and military to practise less of it (equally explained at Usa Military Standard > Origins and evolution), although many MIL standards are still current. (See also MS- and NAS.) |
| ANN | anneal, annealed | |
| ANSI | American National Standards Institute | And the many standards that information technology issues, for example, ANSI Z87.1. |
| APPROX [2] | approximately | |
| AQL | acceptable quality level | The threshold of defectiveness that is commanded in a group of parts. Information technology is fiddling to say that no one wants any mistake, and that everyone wants uniform perfection; simply in the real world, it about never happens. The intelligence behind defining AQLs is in figuring out how much error is tolerable given the costs that would be incurred past any efforts to further reduce its incidence. |
| AR | as required | An abbreviation used in parts lists (PLs, LMs, BoMs) in the quantity-per-assembly field when a discrete count is not applicable. For example, in an assembly with a bolted joint using 4 bolts, the PL quantity column will say "4" for the commodities PN, "4" for the nut PN, and "AR" for the liquid threadlocker that will be applied. |
| Equally | Aerospace Standards; Australian Standards | 1. Aerospace Standards, technical standards maintained by SAE International and widely used in the aerospace manufacturing industries. Standard aerospace hardware sometimes has the As- prefix in the catalog numbers. ii. Australian Standards, standards per Australian manufacture. |
| AS, APS, APV, AV, APSL, AVL | approved product supplier, canonical vendor, approved-product-supplier list, approved-vendor list | When only certain companies are canonical by the CDA to manufacture the product (that is, to brand what the drawing depicts/defines), they are called past names such as "approved supplier", "approved production supplier", "approved vendor", or "canonical product vendor". The list of such companies (which usually changes over fourth dimension) is called an APSL, AVL, or like names. Vetting the companies on this list requires the CDA to audit (and possibly periodically re-inspect) the companies, which incurs an overhead expense for the CDA. Therefore, smaller companies will often cite larger companies' lists in gild to avoid the cost of duplicating the effort. |
| ASA | American Standards Association | Quondam proper noun for ANSI (1920s-1960s). |
| ASME | American Society of Mechanical Engineers | And the many standards that it issues, for instance, ASME Y14.5. |
| ASSY or ASY | assembly | referring to an assembly of parts rather than just ane (sub)part ("piece part", "item office"). |
| ASTM | Formerly the American Guild for Testing and Materials; now ASTM International | Maintains technical standards, especially regarding materials scientific discipline and engineering and metrology. |
| AVG | boilerplate | |
| AWG | American Wire Approximate | |
B [edit] |
| Bones | basic dimension | A basic dimension is one that is the theoretical value without whatever tolerance range. It does non serve as an acceptance criterion. It is thus similar in some respects to a reference dimension. The reason why a basic dimension does not bear a tolerance is that its actual value will fall (acceptably) wherever it is put by other features' actual values, where the latter features are the ones with tolerances defined. A common and simple case is hole location: If a hole'due south centerpoint location has a position tolerance, and then the centerpoint's coordinates do not demand (and should non have) separate tolerances practical to them. Thus they are instead given as basic dimensions. In modern exercise basic dimensions accept a rectangular box around them, or sometimes the word "Basic". |
| BC or B.C. | bolt circumvolve | |
| BCD or B.C.D. | bolt circle diameter | |
| BHC | bolt hole circle | Same definition every bit the commodities circle diameter |
| BHCS | push button head cap screw | Like an SHCS but with a push head. |
| BHN | Brinell hardness number | |
| BoM or BOM | bill of materials | Also chosen a listing of materials (LM or L/M). Overlaps a lot in concept with a parts list (PL or P/L). There is no consistently enforced distinction between an L/M, a BoM, or a P/L. |
| BoP or BOP | bought out role | A office which is outsourced from an external supplier, or "bought out". |
| BP , B/P | blueprint | "per B/P" = "per cartoon" |
| BRZ | bronze | |
| BSC | basic dimension | Come across basic dimension info above. |
C [edit] |
| CAD | computer-aided pattern, computer-aided drafting; cadmium [plating] | |
| CAGE | Commercial and Government Entity [code] | A Cage lawmaking is a unique identifier to characterization an entity (that is, a specific government agency or corporation at a specific site) that is a CDA, ODA, or MFR of the part divers by the drawing. Ane corporation tin can have many Cage codes, as tin 1 government, because each partition, section, and site (campus) tin have its own CAGE code. The aforementioned CAGE lawmaking can change owners over the years. For example, a CAGE lawmaking that formerly referred to a sure Martin Marietta site will now refer to Lockheed Martin at that same site (although the buildings may accept been replaced and the signage may say different names). |
| C-C or C-TO-C | centre-to-heart; on centres | Defines center-to-centre altitude of two features, such as two holes. |
| CBN | cubic boron nitride | A material from which some cutter inserts are fabricated. |
| CDA | current pattern activity | The CDA is the entity (whether it exist a corporation, a unit of a national military or ministry of defence, or some other civilian government bureau) that currently has blueprint authority over the part design (definition). It may be the entity who beginning designed the part (that is, the ODA), but today it is besides likely to be a designated successor entity, owing to mergers and acquisitions (M&A) activity (e.thousand., ODA company was bought past CDA company); contract letting (due east.m., an Ground forces engineering department ODA turns over the design activity to the prime contractor that makes virtually or all of the parts, turning that contractor into the new CDA); privatization (east.g., a government privatizes the design and industry of materiel, and a state arsenal [land armory] ODA transfers design authorisation to a private armory [defense force contractor] ODA); or patent licensing (e.yard., a patent-belongings inventor [ODA] licenses one or several companies to manufacture products using his intellectual property, in which case the "same" part could cease up with multiple pattern authorities, although they may not be considered the official/nominal CDA). |
| CERT or cert | certification | For instance, certification of metallurgical content and processes |
| CG | centerless ground, centerless grinding | |
 | Center mark | Defines the middle of a circle or fractional circle. |
| CH or CHAM | chamfer | |
| CI | cast iron | No longer a commonly used abbreviation. Better to spell out for clarity. |
| CL or ℄ | centreline or centerline; class | 1. Center line, the central axis of a feature. 2. Class, for example, "paint per spec XYZ revision C type 1 grade ii" may be abbreviated as "paint per spec XYZ REV C TY 1 CL ii" or fifty-fifty in some cases "pigment per spec XYZ-C-1-2". (The latter practice is not uncommon but is cryptic for workers with minimal preparation and experience. The showtime two options are improve practise.) |
| CNC | reckoner numerical command | |
| CR | controlled radius | Radius of an arc or circle, with no flats or reversals. This strict version of radius definition is specified in demanding applications when the form of the radius must be controlled more than strictly than "but falling within the dimensional tolerance zone". It is poor engineering to specify a CR instead of an R simply on the theory of enforcing skilful workmanship. CR is for critical features whose performance truly requires near-perfect geometry. Similar about such characteristics, its presence increases the price of the part, because information technology raises the costs of manufacturing and quality assurance. |
| CRES | corrosion-resistant [steel] | Largely synonymous with stainless steel, unless specific grades, specs, and distinctions are fabricated on the cartoon. Some people treat CRES every bit a subset of the stainless steels. |
| CRS | cold rolled steel; on centres | Defines middle-to-centre distance of two features, such every bit two holes. |
| C/T | Correlation / Tracking | |
C'Bore or CBORE or  | counterbore | |
CSK or CSINK or  | countersink | |
| CTN, ctn | carton | |
D [edit] |
 | depth, deep, down | Defines the depth of a characteristic. |
| ⌀ [2] | bore | Diameter of a circle. In a feature command frame (FCF), the ⌀ symbol tells you lot that the tolerance zone for the geometric tolerance is cylindrical. Abbreviations for "diameter" include ⌀, DIA, and D. |
| D | diameter; delta | Abbreviations for "diameter" include ⌀, DIA, and D. For delta usage, encounter for case "delta notes". |
| DIA [ii] | diameter | Diameter of a circle. Abbreviations for "bore" include ⌀, DIA, and D. |
| DIP | ductile fe pipe | |
| DIM | dimension, dimensioning | |
| DO , exercise | ditto | Seen occasionally in older drawings instead of repeating a given dimension. |
| DOD , DoD | [U.S.] Department of Defence | Run across likewise MOD. |
| DPD | digital product definition | A synonym of MBD. |
| DWG , dwg | cartoon | Referring to the technology drawing |
E [edit] |
| ED | edge distance | Drilled holes, and fasteners are usually required to have a minimum border distance (min ED). |
| EO , ECO, ECN | engineering order | An lodge from the engineering department (to exist followed by the production section or vendor) overriding/superseding a detail on the cartoon, which gets superseded with revised information. Also chosen by various other names, such equally engineering change society (ECO), engineering change discover (ECN), drawing modify observe (DCN), and so on. Come across also REV. |
| EQL , EQ | equal, equally | For example, "⌀10 4X EQL SPACED ON BC" ways "drill four holes of 10mm diameter equally spaced effectually the bolt circle." |
| ERC | electrical rule check | |
| Exist. | existing | |
F [edit] |
| f | stop | An italic f (Latin small-scale letter f) written on a line representing a surface was an onetime mode of indicating that the surface was to be machined rather than left in the every bit-cast or as-forged state. The "f" came from "end" in the sense of "machine end" as opposed to raw stock/casting/forging. Afterwards the ASA convened upon a letter V (specifically a sans-serif V) touching the surface. Before long this evolved into the "check mark" sign with accompanying number that tells the reader a max roughness value (RMS, microinches or micrometres) for the machined end, to be measured with a profilometer. |
| FAO | finish all over | A note telling the manufacturer that all surfaces of the part are to exist machined (equally opposed to leaving any surfaces every bit-cast or as-forged). Not an obsolete usage, merely non seen as commonly as it was decades ago; not least considering parts that once would accept been spot-faced castings are now likelier to be contoured from billet with CNC milling. But more chiefly, best engineering practice today, reflecting design for manufacturability and avoidance of spurious toll drivers, is either to specify specific, quantifiable requirements for surfaces with specific needs (such every bit RMS roughness measurements in microinches or micrometres, plus any plating or painting needs), or to leave finish out of the role definition (and thus at the manufacturer's discretion) because it is not important to fit, office, or criticality. This same spirit is behind the shift in military machine standards from writing requirements almost methods to writing them instead about performance, with the method to reach that goal beingness up to the ingenuity of the designer. |
| FCF | feature control frame | The rectangular box (with several cells) that conveys geometric tolerances in GD&T. Information technology typically tells you what sort of geometric condition (e.grand., parallel, perpendicular, round, concentric), followed past what size (and maybe shape) the tolerance zone is, and finally which datums information technology relates to, the guild of gaging against them, and what textile condition applies to them (LMC, MMC, or RFS). A bore symbol (⌀) tells you that the zone for the geometric tolerance is cylindrical. |
| FD or F/D | field of the drawing | The [main] field of the drawing, every bit opposed to other areas of it, such every bit the parts listing (P/Fifty), general notes (G/Northward), flagnotes (F/North or FL), championship block (T/B), rev cake (R/B), bill of materials (B/One thousand or BoM or BOM), or list of materials (L/Chiliad). Rationales for drawing changes that are noted in the rev block often utilise these abbreviations for brevity (e.chiliad., "DIM 14.00 was 12.fifty; added default TOL info to T/B; added leader lines to F/D; added alternating hardware IDs to P/L; added alternating alloy to Fifty/G"). |
| FIM | full indicator movement | See also TIR. |
| FL | flag notation, flagnote | A note that is called out in specific spots in the field of the cartoon. It is numbered with a stylized flag symbol surrounding the number. A general annotation applies by and large and is not called out with flags. |
| FL | Flooring Level | Flooring Level of an existing or proposed building or physical pad |
| FN or F/Due north | flag note, flagnote; find number | 1. Flagnote: A flagnote is a annotation that is called out in specific spots in the field of the drawing. It is numbered with a stylized flag symbol surrounding the number (or sometimes a delta symbol). A general annotation applies generally and is not called out with flags. 2. Detect number: "FN" pregnant "find number" refers to the ordinal number that gives an ID tag to one of the constituents in a parts listing (list of materials, neb of materials). Thus "fasten using FN7" refers to a fastener that is "find number" vii in the list. |
| FoS | characteristic of size | A blazon of physical feature on a function. An FoS is a feature that tin can have size associated with information technology, usually involving the opposition of two surfaces (due east.g., the two diametrically opposite sides of a hole wall; the 2 reverse walls of a slot or flange). Features of size (FoSs) in reality always have actual sizes and forms that differ from their theoretical size and form; the purpose of tolerancing is to define whether the departure is adequate or non. Thus material condition (LMC, MMC, somewhere in between, or RFS) is important in GD&T. ) A given geometric tolerance may exist defined in relation to a certain FoS datum being at LMC or at MMC. |
| FS | far side | The drawing notations "near side" and "far side" tell the reader which side of the part a feature is on, in occasional contexts where that fact is not communicated using the rules of projection alone. Contexts of usage are rather limited. One example is hole locations; "3X AND 3X FAR SIDE" defines symmetrical groups of 3 holes on both sides of a part (6 full), without having to redefine equivalent hole center coordinates on two separate views, one for each group. This is not only a convenience for the designer just also a method of fault prevention, because it provides a way to avoid forking geometric definition that ideally should exist kept unforked to prevent discrepancies. For case, the groups defined in a higher place cannot accidentally go asymmetrically discrepant in a future revision by the revisor failing to revise both groups equally (because their definition is unified in only one place). Another example is part marking locations. An area for office identification mark can be circled on a meridian view but assigned to either the top or bottom of the part only with a "near side" or "far side" notation—which obviates adding any otherwise-unneeded bottom view to the field of the drawing. |
| FSCM | Federal Stock/Supply Lawmaking for Manufacturers | An older name for "Cage code". Also NSCM (National Stock/Supply Code for Manufacturers). |
| FTG | fitting | |
Grand [edit] |
| GCI | gray cast fe | |
| GD&T or GDT | geometric dimensioning and tolerancing | A standardized linguistic communication for defining and communicating dimensions and tolerances. |
| GN or K/Northward | general note(s) | Nigh engineering drawings take a notes list, which includes both general notes and flag notes. |
H [edit] |
| HBW | hardness, Brinell, tungsten tip | See Brinell scale. (The "W" comes from the element symbol for tungsten, Due west, which comes from the German Wolfram.) |
| HDPE | high-density polyethylene | |
| HHCS | hex head cap screw | |
| HRA | hardness, Rockwell, A calibration | See Rockwell scale. |
| HRB | hardness, Rockwell, B scale | Run into Rockwell scale. |
| HRC | hardness, Rockwell, C scale | See Rockwell scale. |
| HRS | hot rolled steel | |
| HT TR | heat care for, heat treatment | |
| H&T or H/T or HT | hardened and tempered | A form of heat handling in which the metal is first hardened and then tempered. Compare Due north&T. |
I [edit] |
| IAW | in accordance with | A common need in applied science drawings is to instruct the user to exercise activity X in accordance with technical standard Y. For instance, "Weld all subassemblies IAW AWS XYZ.123" ways "Weld all subassemblies in accord with American Welding Society standard number XYZ.123" (the number is hypothetical in this example). The word "per" is functionally equivalent to "IAW" in such contexts; thus "rivet all sheet metallic per MIL-PRF-123456" or "[...] IAW MIL-PRF-123456". Part of the motivation behind the choice of words "in accordance with" is that they do non allege that whatsoever particular action is explicitly specified by standard XYZ.123 (which "per" could be interpreted as alleging, at least in connotation); rather, these words merely instruct the user that whatever s/he does must not contradict the standard in any fashion. But this is a subtle connotative distinction, and "per" and "IAW" are denotatively equivalent. |
| ID | inner bore; identity, identification number | |
| IED | Insufficient Edge Altitude | Drilled holes normally take a required minimum edge distance, if the inspection finds that the edge distance is below minimum, then commonly reported as having an IED status. |
| ISO | International Organization for Standardization | And the many standards that it specifies, for case, ISO 10303 |
J [edit] |
| JIS | Japan Industrial Standard | Reference to standards published by the Japanese Standards Association |
Thousand [edit] |
| Fundamental | key | Drawing callouts marked "KEY" define "key characteristics" that are considered especially important for fit, function, prophylactic, or other reasons. They are thus subjected to higher inspection sampling levels. |
| KPSI , kpsi | kilopounds per square inch, that is, thousands of pounds per square inch | See discussion at synonym KSI. |
| KSI , ksi | kilopounds per foursquare inch, that is, thousands of pounds per square inch | KSI (or ksi), also abbreviated KPSI or kpsi, is a common non-SI measurement scale for ultimate tensile strength, that is, the number of units of tensile force that a textile tin can endure per unit of cantankerous-sectional expanse before breaking. In the SI system, the unit is the pascal (Pa) (or a multiple thereof, often megapascals (MPa), using the mega- prefix); or, equivalently to pascals, newtons per square metre (N/thousandtwo). |
L [edit] |
| LDD | limited dimension drawing | An implementation of model-based definition that even so uses a 2d drawing, but only containing disquisitional information. All data missing from the drawing is to be pulled from a 3D model of the office or assembly. |
| LH | left-hand | Referring to handedness, such as the helix handedness of spiral threads or the mirror-image handedness of a symmetrical pair of parts. |
| LM or L/M | list of materials | As well chosen a beak of materials (BoM, BOM). Overlaps a lot in concept with a parts list (PL or P/L). There is no consistently enforced distinction between an L/Thousand, a BoM, or a P/L. |
| LMC | least fabric condition | A material status in GD&T. Means that a feature of size (FoS) is at the limit of its size tolerance in the direction that leaves the least textile left on the part. Thus an internal feature of size (due east.g., a hole) at its biggest diameter, or an external feature of size (eastward.one thousand., a flange) at its smallest thickness. The GD&T symbol for LMC is a circled L. (See likewise MMC and RFS.) A given geometric tolerance may be defined in relation to a certain FoS datum being at LMC or at MMC. |
Thou [edit] |
| MACH | motorcar; machined | |
| MAJ | major | Every bit in major diameter, or major characteristic (for sampling level) |
| MAX [2] | maximum | |
| MBD | model-based definition | Definition of the part via a 3D CAD model rather than via a 2D technology drawing. Drawings may be printed (plotted) from the model for reference use, but the model remains the governing legal instrument. |
| MBP | measurement betwixt pins | threads, splines, gears (internal, female person) (synonymous with MBW) (see too MOP, MOW) |
| MBW | measurement between wires | threads, splines, gears (internal, female) (see also MBP, MOP, MOW) |
| MF or M/F | brand from | When one office number is made from some other, information technology means to take function A and machine some additional features into it, creating part B. The parts list or L/M, in the "cloth" field, will say "Yard/F PN 12345". |
| MFD | manufactured | |
| MFG | manufacturing | |
| MFR | manufacturer | May be the same entity every bit the CDA or ODA, or may not be. |
| MIL- | [U.Due south.] Military | A prefix for the names of various U.s. Armed forces Standards and Specifications, for example, MIL-STD-*, MIL-SPEC-*, MIL-DTL-*, MIL-PRF-*, MIL-A-*, MIL-C-*, MIL-S-*, MIL-STD-1913, MIL-STD-1397. |
| MIN [2] | minimum; minutes; minor | |
| MMC | maximum material condition | A textile condition in GD&T. Means that a feature of size (FoS) is at the limit of its size tolerance in the direction that leaves the near material left on the office. Thus an internal characteristic of size (e.g., a hole) at its smallest bore, or an external feature of size (eastward.g., a flange) at its biggest thickness. The GD&T symbol for MMC is a circled One thousand. (See also LMC and RFS.) A given geometric tolerance may be defined in relation to a certain FoS datum being at LMC or at MMC. |
| Modern , Mod | Ministry of Defense force [U.K. and others] | See also DOD. |
| MOP , MoP | measurement over pins | threads, splines, gears (external, male) (synonymous with MOW, measurement over wires) |
| MOW , MoW | measurement over wires | threads, splines, gears (external, male) (encounter also MBW, MBP, MOP) |
| MPa , MPA | megapascals | The common SI measurement scale for ultimate tensile strength (UTS), that is, the number of units of tensile forcefulness that a material can suffer per unit of cross-sectional area earlier breaking. There is only 1 correct casing for the symbol, cap-M-cap-P-pocket-sized-a, which, similar any SI unit of measurement symbol, properly should exist preserved even when surrounding text is styled in all caps (which latter is a frequently employed tradition in engineering cartoon). Just it is not uncommon to see "MPA" through carelessness. Users are not confused regardless. In non-SI terms, the unit of measurement for UTS is the KSI (or ksi), which see herein. |
| MRB | cloth review lath | A commission that reviews some nonconforming materials which are submitted equally potentially however usable/saleable (if the nonconformance does not hinder fit or function). |
| MS- | [U.Southward.] Military Standard | Standards established by the U.Southward. military machine and widely used in the aerospace manufacturing (war machine and ceremonious) and other defence industries. Standard hardware sometimes uses the MS- prefix in the catalog numbers. (Meet likewise AN- and NAS.) |
N [edit] |
| NAS | National Aerospace Standards | Standards maintained by SAE International and widely used in the aerospace manufacturing industries. The "National" formerly implicitly referenced the United states, just today NAS and other standards are used globally. Standard hardware for aerospace work sometimes uses the NAS- prefix in the catalog numbers. (See also AN- and MS-.) |
| NC | National Coarse; numerical control | The [U.S.] National Coarse serial of pre-1949 corresponds today to the Unified National Coarse (UNC) of the Unified Thread Standard. |
| NCM | nonconforming material(s) | This abbreviation is used in a machine shop when recording nonconformances (out of tolerance, etc.). For example, "An NCM tag was tied to the fleck part." |
| NCR | nonconformance report | A written report listing nonconformances (out of tolerance, etc.). Helps to clarify system weaknesses (such as worn-out equipment, operators in need of more training, or risky practices). |
| NEC | not elsewhere classified; National Electrical Code | In the sense of "not elsewhere classified", the abbreviation is well known inside certain fields, simply not others; to avoid confusion, spell out. The National Electric Code is a standard for electrical work. |
| NEF | National Extra Fine | The [U.Due south.] National Extra Fine serial of pre-1949 corresponds today to the Unified National Extra Fine (UNEF) of the Unified Thread Standard. |
| NF | National Fine | The [U.Due south.] National Fine series of pre-1949 corresponds today to the Unified National Fine (UNF) of the Unified Thread Standard. |
| NL or North/L | notes listing | A listing of notes that appears somewhere on the cartoon, often in the upper left corner. |
| NOM [two] | nominal | |
| NORM or NORMD | normalized | referring to normalization, a stress-relieving heat handling. See also HT TR. |
| NPS | Naval Chief Standard[3] | (Not to exist confused with annotating strait pipe as "NPS", which should instead be annotated NPSM, NPSL, or NPSH[four]) |
| NPT | National Pipage Taper | A subset series of the Unified Thread Standard. |
| NS | National Special; well-nigh side | i. National Special, a screw thread series; see Unified Thread Standard. An extensible series, covering various special threads. 2. Well-nigh side: The drawing notations "most side" and "far side" tell the reader which side of the part a feature is on, in occasional contexts where that fact is non communicated using the rules of projection alone. Contexts of usage are rather limited. Come across "far side" for examples. |
| NSCM | National Stock/Supply Code for Manufacturers | An older proper noun for "CAGE lawmaking". Also FSCM (Federal Stock/Supply Code for Manufacturers). |
| Due north&T or N/T or NT | normalized and tempered | A grade of heat treatment in which the metal is first normalized (stress-relieved) then tempered. Compare H&T. |
| NTS | not to scale | See as well Engineering drawing > Scale. |
O [edit] |
| OAL | overall length | |
| OC | on center(due south) | That is, center-to-centre; defines centre-to-eye altitude of two features, such every bit 2 holes. |
| OD | outer diameter | |
| ODA | original design action | The entity that originally designed a part. Compare to CDA, the entity that currently has design authority over the part blueprint (definition). |
| OHL | over loftier limit | This abbreviation is used in a motorcar shop when recording nonconformances. For case, "office scrapped because ID is OHL." See too ULL. |
| OPP | reverse | See Role number > Symmetrical parts for explanation. |
| ORIG | original | |
P [edit] |
| pc, pcs | slice, pieces | |
| PD | pitch bore | |
| PDM , PDMS | production information management, product information director [app], product data management arrangement [app] | A database(s) and related application(s) that facilitate all aspects of managing information files—due east.g., TDPs, TDP versions, drawings, model datasets, specs, addenda, certs, memoranda, EOs, ECOs, DCNs, RFQs, quotes, POs, due east-mails, faxes, photos, word processor documents, spreadsheets. Come across also PLM. |
| PH or P/H | precipitation hardening, precipitation-hardened; airplane pilot hole | |
| PHR BRZ | phosphor statuary | |
| PL or P/50 | parts listing | A list, usually tabular and often on the cartoon (if non accompanying the cartoon on a dissever sheet), listing the parts needed in an assembly, including subparts, standard parts, and hardware. At that place is no consistently enforced stardom between an L/M, a BoM, or a P/50. |
| PLM | product lifecycle management; establish lifecycle management | Meet also PDM. |
| PMI | Product and manufacturing information | Product and manufacturing information conveys non-geometric attributes in 3D computer-aided design (CAD) and Collaborative Product Development systems necessary for manufacturing product components and assemblies. |
| PN or P/N | role number | |
| POI | point of intersection | A bespeak that makes easier the layout, toolpath programming, or inspection of the role. It is the intersection betoken of lines that may not meet on the finished part, such as the tangent lines of a curve or the theoretical abrupt corner (TSC) that border-breaking and deburring will remove. See as well SC, TSC, and Ac. |
| P.F. | press fit | A fastening or mating between two parts which is accomplished by friction after the parts are pushed together. |
| PSI | pounds per square inch | A unit of measurement for pressure. See also KSI. |
| PTFE | polytetrafluoroethylene | Also well known past the brand name Teflon. |
| PVC | polyvinyl chloride | |
Q [edit] |
| QMS | quality management organization | A arrangement in identify to ensure that quality of industry is produced and maintained; a system to preclude defective parts from being fabricated, or, even if made, from getting into finished inventories. |
| QTY or qty | quantity | |
R [edit] |
| R | radius | Radius of an arc or circumvolve. Flats and reversals (falling within the dimensional tolerance zone) are tolerated unless "CR" (controlled radius) is explicitly specified. |
| RA , Ra | roughness, average; Rockwell A scale | Come across surface roughness; run across Rockwell scale. |
| RB , Rb | Rockwell B scale | Encounter Rockwell scale. |
| RC , Rc | Rockwell C calibration | Encounter Rockwell calibration. |
| REF or ( )[2] | reference dimension | See Reference dimension. On a technical drawing a dimension or notation that is given just for reference and therefore is not intended to be used as a function acceptance benchmark (although it may be used as an aid to production or inspection). Parenethesis( value ) denote the same thing and were standartized past ASME. When a dimension is divers in 1 view but also mentioned once more in another view, information technology will be given as reference in the 2nd case. This rule prevents the error of defining it in two unlike means accidentally; the "main" (non-reference) mention is the only one that counts as a feature definition and thus as a office credence benchmark. See also bones dimensions, which are similar in some respects. |
| REQD or REQ'D | required | For example, "4 REQD" written next to a fastener means that 4 of those fasteners are required for the assembly. |
| REV | revision | Technology drawings and material or process specifications are often revised; the usual revision control convention is to label the versions A, B, C, D, etc.; a revision block (rev block) is a tabular area on the drawing (typically in the upper right corner) that lists the revision messages, a brief clarification of the changes and reasons, and approval initials and dates. Revisions beyond "Z" first the alphabet over again with doubling, e.one thousand., AA, AB, AC, AD, and so on. In the days of manual drafting, redrawing was expensive, and so engineering orders (EOs, ECOs, DCNs, ECNs) were not e'er incorporated into a side by side-letter revision. They thus accompany the drawing as part of the TDP. With the broadcasting of software usage (CAD, CAM, PDMSs), revision control is frequently improve handled nowadays, in competent hands at least. In recent years the revision control of engineering drawings has even been standardized past ASME, in their standard Y14.35M.[5] |
| RFS | regardless of feature size | A fabric condition (or more precisely, freedom from such) in GD&T. Means that a given geometric tolerance is true in relation to a certain datum regardless of its actual size (LMC ≤ bodily size ≤ MMC). |
| RH | right-paw | Referring to handedness, such as the helix handedness of spiral threads or the mirror-image handedness of a symmetrical pair of parts. |
| RHR | roughness peak reading | See surface roughness. |
| RL | Reduced Level or Relative Level | Surface Level |
| RMA | return cloth dominance | See also RTV. |
| RMS | root mean foursquare | RMS in general is a statistical technique to define a representative value for a group of information points. With regard to surface roughness, it ways that the heights of the individual microscopic peaks and valleys shall exist averaged together via RMS to yield a measurement of roughness. See also herein f as a finish mark. |
| RT or R/T | rough turn, crude turned; room temperature | Crude-turned means turned on a lathe but not finished to a final machined dimension and surface roughness. Tin apply to bar stock or to parts in-process. Room temperature is sometimes abbreviated "RT" within tables of specs for finishing operations (plating, painting, etc.). |
| RTP | release to production | The issuance of a drawing from the engineering/blueprint activity to the production activeness. In other words, the event when a draft becomes a completed, official certificate. A stamp on the cartoon proverb "ISSUED" documents that RTP has occurred. |
| RTV | room-temperature vulcanizing; return to vendor | 1. RTV sealants, a style to seal joints. 2. Return to vendor, send parts dorsum to a vendor for rework or refund because they are nonconforming. Such RTV ofttimes requires an RMA. |
| RZ , Rz | roughness, mean depth | Encounter surface roughness. |
S [edit] |
| SAE | Formerly the Gild of Automotive Engineers; at present SAE International | And the many standards that information technology issues, for example, the SAE AMS and SAE AS standards series. |
| SC or S/C | abrupt corners | Dimensions may be given as "across abrupt corners" although the corners become radiused. In other words, distances may be given from intersection points where lines intersect, regardless of border breaks or fillets. This is ordinarily unsaid past default, and so "Southward/C" frequently demand not exist explicitly added. But in some cases it clarifies the definition. Encounter also TSC, POI, and Air-conditioning. |
| SF or Southward/F | spotface slip fit | |
| SFACE or South/Face up | spotface | |
| SHCS | socket head cap spiral | A cap screw with a socket head (usually implying a hex socket, driven with a hex fundamental. |
| SHN | shown | See Part number > Symmetrical parts for explanation. |
| SHSS | socket caput set screw | A set screw with a socket head (normally implying a hex socket, driven with a hex key. |
| SI | Système international [d'unités] [International System of Units] | The metric organisation in its current course (latest standards). |
| SN or South/N | serial number | |
| SOL ANN | solution anneal, solution annealed | |
| SPEC or spec | specification | |
| SPHER ANN | spheroidize anneal | |
| SPOTFACE | Spot facing | |
| SR | spherical radius | Radius of a sphere or spherical segment. |
| SS or Due south/S | stainless steel; supersede | ane. Stainless steel, see besides CRES. ii. Supersede/supersedes/superseded, refers to when one document (specification, standard, cartoon, etc.) replaces (supersedes) another (see also revision command). |
| SST | stainless steel | As per Y14.38–2007 |
| STD | standard | |
| STEP | Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data | A standard format defined by ISO 10303 for MBD data generation, storage, and exchange. |
| STA | solution treated and aged | |
| STI | screw thread insert | |
| STL | steel | |
| STK | stock | A nominal dimension for the stock material, such every bit bar stock |
| SW | Schlüsselweite | Translates as Primal or Wrench Width. Width across flats, oft found on drawings of High german origin. |
T [edit] |
| TAP | tapped hole | Ordinarily implies drilling a hole if the pigsty does not already exist. |
| TB or T/B | championship block | An surface area of the drawing, almost e'er at the bottom right, that contains the championship of the cartoon and other key data. Typical fields in the title block include the drawing title (usually the part name); drawing number (commonly the function number); names and/or ID numbers relating to who designed and/or articles the part (which involves some complication because design and manufacturing entities for a given office number oftentimes change over the years due to mergers and acquisitions, contract letting, privatization, and the buying and selling of intellectual holding—see CDA and ODA); company name (see previous comment); initials/signatures of the original draftsman (as wells as the original checker and tracer in the days of transmission drafting); initials/signatures of approving managers (issuance/release-to-production information); cantankerous-references to other documents; default tolerancing values for dimensions, geometry, and surface roughness; raw-fabric info (if non given in a separate list/bill of materials); and admission command data (information most who is authorized to possess, view, or share copies of the information encoded past the drawing, east.g., classification notices, copyright notices, patent numbers). Drawing revision (versioning) information is not always included in the title block considering information technology frequently appears in a separate revisions block. |
| TCC | time-current bend | |
| TDP | technical data package | The complete parcel of information that defines a function, of which the drawing itself is often only a subset. It besides includes engineering orders (drawing alter notices), 3D model datasets, data tables, memoranda, and any special conditions called out by the purchase social club or the companies' terms-and-atmospheric condition documents. |
| THD or thd | thread | |
| THRD | threaded | |
| THK or thk | thickness | |
| THRU | through | Optionally applied to a pigsty dimension to signify that the hole extends through the workpiece. For instance, THRU may exist stated in a hole dimension if the hole'south end condition is not articulate from graphical representation of the workpiece.[6] |
| THRU ALL | Through all | Similar to THRU. Sometimes used on hole dimensions for clarity to denote that the hole extends through multiple open up space features as information technology goes through the whole workpiece.[7] |
| TIR | total indicator reading; full indicated run-out | For measurements of eccentricity and other deviations from nominal geometry |
| TOS | top of steel | |
| TOL | tolerance, tolerancing | |
| TSC | theoretical abrupt corner(s) | Run across discussion at SC and POI. |
| TY | type | For an explanation of "blazon" abbreviated as "TY", see the example given at "CL" meaning "form". |
| TYP [2] | Typical | Other features share the same characteristic. For example, if the cartoon shows 8 holes on a bolt circle, and just 1 is dimensioned, with "TYP" or "(TYP)" following the dimension characterization, it means that that hole is typical of all eight holes; in other words, it means that the other 7 holes are that size likewise. The latest revisions of Y14.v deprecate "TYP" by itself in favor of the specifying of a number of times, such equally "2X" or "8X". This helps avoid whatever ambiguity or incertitude. TYP or Typical was described in Mil-Std-eight, the directing body prior to adoption of the dimension tolerance interpretation Y14.5 serial. Its last revision was C in 1963, only can yet be found in many older shipping drawings. |
U [edit] |
| UAI | utilize as-is | One of the possible MRB dispositions. Others include fleck and rework. |
| ULL | under depression limit | This abbreviation is used in a machine shop when recording nonconformances. For example, "part scrapped considering OD is ULL." Run across also OHL. |
| UNC | Unified National Coarse | A subset series of the Unified Thread Standard. |
| UNEF | Unified National Extra Fine | A subset series of the Unified Thread Standard. |
| UNF | Unified National Fine | A subset series of the Unified Thread Standard. |
| UNJC | Unified National "J" series Coarse | A subset series of the Unified Thread Standard, with controlled root radius and increased minor diameter. For applications requiring maximum fatigue resistance amidst chronic vibration (such as in aircraft). |
| UNJF | Unified National "J" series Fine | A subset series of the Unified Thread Standard, with controlled root radius and increased minor diameter. For applications requiring maximum fatigue resistance amid chronic vibration (such as in aircraft). |
| UNO | unless noted otherwise | A fairly well-known abbreviation, but to avert defoliation, spell out. |
| UNS | Unified National Special; unified numbering system | Unified National Special is a subset series of the Unified Thread Standard. It is an extensible series, covering various special threads. The unified numbering system is a vaguely named standard for naming alloys by principal element percentages. |
| UON | unless otherwise noted | A lilliputian-used (thus not well recognized) abbreviation. To avoid confusion, spell out. |
| UOS | unless otherwise specified | A fairly well-known abbreviation, simply to avoid confusion, spell out. |
| USASI | Usa of America Standards Institute | Former name for ANSI (1966–1969). |
| USS | Usa Standard; The states Steel | U.South. Standard threads became the National series (e.g., NC, NF, NEF), which became the Unified National serial (e.thousand., UNC, UNF, UNEF); meet Unified Thread Standard. As for U.Due south. Steel, information technology was once the largest steel company on earth, often an approved supplier, and non infrequently a sole source; hence its mention on drawings. |
| UTS | ultimate tensile strength; Unified Thread Standard | |
V [edit] |
| v | finish | A alphabetic character v (Latin minor letter 5) written on a line representing a surface is a mode to bespeak that the surface is to be machined rather than left in the equally-cast or equally-forged state. The older symbol for this was a small script (italic) f (run across herein f). Later the ASA convened upon a letter of the alphabet Five (specifically a sans-serif Five) touching the surface. Soon this evolved into the "bank check marking" sign with accompanying number that tells the reader a max roughness value (RMS, microinches or micrometres) for the machined finish, to be measured with a profilometer. |
Westward [edit] |
| WC | tungsten carbide | The "W" comes from the chemical element symbol for tungsten, Due west, which comes from the High german Wolfram. |
| WI | wrought atomic number 26 | Both the textile and the abbreviation are obsolete, or nearly so. Spell out the words if this material is to exist mentioned at all in modernistic drawings. |
| W/I, w/i | inside | A lilliputian-used abridgement. Amend to spell out for clarity. |
| West/O, westward/o | without | Better to spell out for clarity. |
| X | | |
| _X_ | used to point the word "past" | When the letter of the alphabet X is preceded by a space, this means "past". For example, a chamfer may be called out as 12 X 45° |
| 10 [2] or ( ) | number of places—for example, 8X or (viii) | When a dimension is used in multiple places either of these prefixes tin exist added to the dimension to define how many times this dimension is used. This example signifies eight places. There should exist no whitespace between the numeral and the letter of the alphabet X. (Note on character encoding: Although in typography (including Unicode) the alphabetic character X and the multiplication sign (×) are singled-out characters with differing glyphs, it is a longstanding tradition in engineering drawing that the alphabetic character X is interchangeable with the multi sign, unless otherwise specified by the CAx systems used.) |
Y [edit] |
| Y14.10 | — | Calls out the drawing standard that this drawing is following. For case, ASME Y14.five and Y14.100 are unremarkably used standards that define all of the symbols and drafting conventions used. |
| YS | yield force | |
Z [edit] |
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